What is a capture card?

A capture card, also known as a video capture card or capture device, is a computer hardware device that allows you to record video and audio from external sources to your computer. Think of it as a bridge between your camera, console, or other video source and your computer's storage and editing software. Here's a breakdown of key aspects:

What they do:

• Record Video: Capture cards record video from sources like:

  • Game consoles (PlayStation, Xbox, Switch)
  • Camcorders
  • Security cameras
  • Broadcasting equipment
  • Webcams (though often not necessary for webcams)
  • HDMI devices

• Record Audio: Simultaneously capture accompanying audio from the same source. This is crucial for high-quality recordings.

• Input Formats: Accept various video and audio input signals, like HDMI, SDI, Component, Composite, and more. The supported formats are a crucial factor when choosing a capture card.

• Output Formats: Convert the captured video and audio into digital formats your computer can process, usually like MP4, AVI, or MOV.

• Resolution and Frame Rate: Capture cards vary in their ability to handle different resolutions (e.g., 720p, 1080p, 4K) and frame rates (e.g., 30fps, 60fps, 120fps). Higher resolutions and frame rates require more processing power and a higher-end capture card.

• Passthrough: Many capture cards offer a "passthrough" feature, allowing you to see the video feed on a monitor connected directly to the capture card, while simultaneously recording it to your computer. This is essential for live streaming.

Types of Capture Cards:

• Internal: Installed inside your computer's PCI Express slot. Generally offer better performance and stability due to the direct connection.

• External: Connect to your computer via USB, Thunderbolt, or other external interfaces. More portable and easier to install, but might have slightly lower performance compared to internal cards.

Key Considerations When Choosing a Capture Card:

• Input and Output Connections: Ensure it supports the sources you intend to use.
• Resolution and Frame Rate: Choose a card that meets your recording needs.
• Latency: The delay between the video source and the output. Lower latency is crucial for live streaming and gaming.
• Encoding: Some cards handle encoding internally, reducing the load on your CPU.
• Software Compatibility: Check for compatibility with your preferred video editing software.
• Budget: Prices vary widely depending on features and capabilities.

In short, a capture card is a versatile piece of hardware for anyone needing to record video and audio from external sources to their computer, whether for gaming, streaming, security, or video production.